5 steps to improve English Grammar
• Start from basic sentences, move onto compound sentences and then complex sentences.
• Learn grammar rules and make good notes for future revision purposes.
• Double check your English grammar exercise/s every time you finish. You may make careless mistakes without notice.
• Learn from your mistake/s; you will not improve if you keep making the same mistake/s over and over.
• Learn from classmates, friends and the teacher. Some people may have difficulty in a particular skill and expertise in others. So why not learn from each other and together improve.
Australian Slang and Colloquialisms and the difference from British Colloquialisms
Even though Australia was settled by the British, the country has developed it’s own slang language. There are many reasons why the differences have emerged however here the differences will be shown and the reasons are another story and may come later.
British police are colloquially called “plods, bobbies, coppers”. In Australia the word “copper” is used.
When the police, principal, boss or superior officer will punish you, or when someone may get revenge on you a British person would say “They’re going to do you now,” while an Australian person wold say “They’re going to get you” and “They’re going to make you pay”.
A posh person is normally called a “toff” by British speakers, while Australians would use the word “ponce”.
The currency is always called by its proper name. In the UK, “quid” is slang for pounds while in Australia “bucks” is used instead of dollars. The reason for this difference is American influence. In America, “buck” as a slang word for money was influenced by colonial times where Europeans and American Indians used goats, deer, and antelopes as a form of currency.
In Australia if you want to call someone “crazy”, idiotic, unreasonable, blind to danger, short tempered, you normally use the word “nuts” or maybe “nutso”, and for people who are extreme examples; “mad as a cut snake”. In the UK you would normally hear the description “mental”.
Other people are seen as rude, dishonest, neglectful, unpleasant, selfish, lazy or you may dislike them for any number of reasons. In Australia, that type of person is a “jerk”, “rat bag” or “scum bag”. In Britain, the word is “twat”. The British also use the word “twat” to mean “to beat up”, while in Australia people might say “bash” and “pummel”.
These are just some Australian slang word, but watch these blogs because more info about Australian slang just might “pop up” (appear :)).
3 quick ways to improve your English pronunciation
Pronunciation is a key factor in learning a language and there are many ways that you can improve to help make yourself more clearly understood.
Here are just a few tips that you may want to try:
1. Find out what you are doing wrong
If you don’t know what you are doing wrong then you can’t improve your pronunciation. Ask your teacher or native English speaking friends to listen to you and correct you when necessary. Ask them if they can understand what you are saying. It may be a little embarrassing and time consuming, but it is an ideal way to learn.
2. Slow down and breathe
People can get very nervous when using a new language and try to speak very quickly to give an impression that they are fluent. However, speed does not equal fluency and in fact, speeding up instead of slowing down can make it even more difficult for people to understand what you are saying. Remember that not everyone who is fluent speaks quickly. Think about the way you approach your own language. Do you speak very quickly all the time? I am sure that you don’t.
3. Make use of your face-to-face time with your teacher
Having a native speaker face-to-face with you on a regular basis has to one of the best ways to improve your pronunciation. Observe how your teacher speaks, how he/she positions their mouth and what their face looks like when they speak. Is their face strained or relaxed? Do they speak in a monotone or do they sound interesting? Listen to the way they make sounds and try to mimic them. Ask them to correct you and tell you what you are doing wrong.
Why is good pronunciation essential when speaking English?
When we learn a foreign language we can often become so caught up with the spelling, grammar and writing that we forget about the speaking. For example, you may know simple words and be able to construct simple sentences but you can’t rely on simple pronunciation to be understood.
If your pronunciation is simple but so poor that native English speakers cannot understand what you are saying, then you may wish to reconsider the importance of it in your language tool kit.
One of the difficult aspects of any language is the accent. Just because someone may speak the same language as you doesn’t mean you will have the same accent. People in Australia speak English but sometimes their accents are so strong that native English speakers from other countries struggle to understand what they are saying.
The key to getting by then is to aim for good pronunciation and focus on reducing your accent so that when you do talk to native speakers they don’t have to struggle and be uncomfortable understanding what you are saying. If they do, you will find that the conversation is stilted and may become difficult. You will not be able to make yourself understood and chances are that you will become frustrated and reluctant to try out your language skills again.
Your teacher is the best person to help you with any questions you may have about what is good pronunciation and how you can attain it. The main point, however, would be to speak English at every possible opportunity that you have and remember that practice makes perfect.
-Vicki
5 simple tips to reduce your accent when using English
When you have spoken English have you ever been misunderstood because of your accent? Have you had to repeat yourself again and again to be understood? Was it embarrassing, did it create a problem or cause you anxiety?
It is true that you may understand, read and write English really well but it is also essential that you can speak it clearly enough so that people can understand you; after all, the joy of a new language is to be able to use it freely and communicate clearly.
You should not worry about trying to lose you accent altogether, but rather just concentrate on reducing it so that your words are understood.
Here are a few simple tips that may help you reduce your accent:
1. Listen to English every day
Whether it is a recording of your class, an audio book, music, the radio or podcasts, there are many interesting ways to listen to English every day. Mix up what you listen to and try to make it fun!
2. Record yourself speaking
People are often embarrassed by the sound of their own voice recorded but this is a great way to hear what you really sound like to others. Self-awareness of what you sound like can be a great step in improving yourself. Consider reading the same piece of English each day (or each week if you don’t have time) and try to improve step by step.
3. Practice reading out aloud
Reading out aloud is a great tool for reducing your accent, particularly if you are able to read along with an audio book at the same time, or perhaps something your teacher has recorded for you. Why not record yourself reading part of a book and compare it to the actually original audio? Mimicry can be a great learning tool.
4. Copy role models
Do you have someone in your life that speaks English how you would like to speak it? If so, ask them if you can work with them to reduce your accent. Ask them to correct you when you are saying something wrong. Don’t forget your teacher can always be your role model.
5. Speak English as much as possible
This tip may sound obvious but it is true. If you surround yourself with English speakers and actively listen and talk to people as much as you can, you will find that your accent will reduce naturally.
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-Vicki
TIPS on How to resolve concerns in Speaking- Part 1
In the speaking component of the OET exam, you are given a clinical scenario where a patient approaches you usually with a concern. The concerns can be classed generally into two classes: Concerns about the ILLNESS and concerns about the TREATMENT aka non-compliance. Since there is a lot to cover, I will give tips on only the first class of concerns in this month’s blog.
1) THE ILLNESS.
Generally a lot of patient’s fears/reservations/anger stems from the unknown. Some of these medical diagnosis can appear foreboding simply by the fact that it comes from the doctor or the name itself. So most of the time this can be resolved by simply explaining all the aspects of the illness in a clear and reasonable way.
Some aspects of the illness that you may have to explain are;
-What the exact nature of the diagnosis is.
-How seriously it will affect their health and daily function.
-What the treatments/therapy will involve- it is important to explain why the treatment is given.
-What the prognosis will be.
Since this component of the exam will not be assessed on the content/medical knowledge of the exam candidate, you do not need to know every illness under the sun to prepare for this. However, you may need to know some common ones just so you do not get nervous for stuck with what to say. Common ones could be hypertension, diabetes, stroke/heart attack, quitting smoking/alcohol, immunizations etc.
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e.g. I understand that you are worried about your hypertension. Hypertension is an elevation of your blood pressure. This means that your heart has to worker a lot harder than normal to pump blood around your body.
If it isn’t treated there is an increased chance that your heart may fail or that you may get a heart attack or stroke. Therefore, it is vital that you keep your blood pressure under control.
Blood pressure is affected by many things.
Firstly, how much water and salt is in your body. If you have too much salt in your diet, this can make your blood volume greater and therefore increase your blood pressure.
Secondly, the condition of your blood vessels. If your blood vessels becomes less elastic due to age, damage from smoking or too much fat deposits from a fatty diet and not enough exercise, then you will more likely not be able to regulate your blood pressure.
Thirdly, different levels of hormones can be released by various triggers such as stress, drinking, obesity, diabetes etc that contribute to or worsen the hypertension.
It is a lot to take in, but I hope this helps you to see why it is so important for you to make various changes in your lifestyle. Reducing your salt and fat intake in your diet, exercising, avoiding smoking and alcohol are crucial for lowering your blood pressure.
If you can do this you will be able to significantly reduce the risk of the illnesses I mentioned earlier which may lead to early death. Lifelong intake of blood pressure lowering medication is preferrably a last resort so I would advise you to take these lifestyle intervention measures first.
-Megan Lee, OET Trainer
English in Electronic Media, Social Media, and Pop Culture
English lessons in school are important, but there are other ways you can improve your English. English is a widespread language thanks to electronic media, social media and pop culture. These mediums can be a useful way to learn English, and they may benefit you in your IELTS test, every day interraction, job interview, university interview, citizenship interview, social life, and your time in the office. Throughout history people have learnt English outside the classroom.
Between 1619 and 1620, English settlers met Squanto, a Native American who spoke English. Squanto taught the settlers how to grow local crops, catch local fish and he acted as a translator between the other American Indians and the settlers. Squanto had been kidnapped by earlier explorers, and learnt English from his captors, friars, and a ship builder, before he returned home.
In Eastern Europe during the Cold War, there was a man wanted to learn English. To do this, he listened to American radio stations from Western Europe. He learnt English successfully because he heard the broadcasts regularly, and he had the hunger for the language. Motivation helps. The UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, may have learnt some English, from American soldiers in his native Korea. An ESL teacher taught his students English, by old episodes of Star Trek, because the old Star Trek episodes have lots and lots of talking. In 2008 I met a Brazilian student who had learnt English from Spider Man 3, he had watched it 8 times and it was his favourite movie. In 2009 I met a Czech student who used Batman comics to learn English. In the same year, a teacher mentioned a student who had learnt English from World Of Warcraft. This year, I met a student who uses Sunrise to help with her English.
YouTube is another helpful way of learning English. It has videos made especially for students of English, and also has film clips from movies, and video games. These movie and video game clips, have English subtitles and can be a casual way of learning another language. When you watch YouTube, you have the benefit of being able to choose the clips you like, and that choice can be an encouragement, as you have the chance of finding a clip you like.
Wiktionary is another helpful English learning tool. Wiktionary contains words in countless languages. While not every single word is present, there is a very large number of words on the website. Just type the word in the search box, and chances are, it will appear, accompanied by an explanation.
The ABC TV show Media Watch, may also be helpful. This programe, provides critiques and analyses of Australian news, current affairs, advertising, magazines, newspapers, web sites and radio broadcasts. When a radio broadcast is played, the subtitles appear on the screen, and move in time to the words. This is good reading and listening practice. When a print publication is displayed, the words are highlighted and read aloud. This can be more reading and listening practice. TV programmes are played without subtitles, and this can be a challenge. The entire transcript of each episode, from 2001, is available on the internet and videoes of each episode from 2008 can be watched online. More good listening and reading practice. Older videos can be watched in the 20th Anniversary special. The website has been used by at least one student, and she found it to be an effective and productive study tool.
DVDs are guite good to use as well, becaus of the subtitles. But without the subtitles they are just as good, and can provide a challenge. ABC 702 is a station used by students to learn English, and they have found it useful. It’s a nice listening tool. The ABC news website is well written and professionally conveyed, the articles are good practice for reading, and the clips are good practice for listening. The articles are not transcripts for the clips. They are separate information sources, although they may appear on the same page. Subtexts for the hearing impaired, on TV, can be helpful, however they alot of them are out of sync with the voices on the screens, so they should not be your first choice.
Learning English doesn’t have to be limited to the classroom. It can be learnt from a wide range of sources. You may also find your own. Try and find something that is effective, productive, and preferrably enjoyable. Ultimately, you should use something you a comfortable with.
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